Improvised explosive device ( IED ) {Ans: is a device fabricated in an improvised manner incorporating explosives or destructive , lethal , noxious , pyrotechnic , or incendiary chemicals in its design . This device generally includes a power supply , a switch or timer , and a detonator or initiator .}Shippers certification pt.2 {Ans: " I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and accurately described above by proper shipping name , and are classified , packaged , marked , and labeled / placarded , and are in all respects in proper condition for transport according to applicable international and national governmental regulations . " Note A shipper's certification is required on any shipping paper that the customer provides to the crew for loaded hazardous material cars}Emergency {Ans: Any incident , whether natural or manmade , that requires responsive action to protect life or property from harm , or potential harm ( i.e. derailment , and leaking rail car , trailer , or container ) .}Residue {Ans: the hazardous material remaining in a packaging , including a tank car , after its contents have been unloaded to the maximum extent possible .