Advanced Pharmacology Nsg 533 Study Guide Graded A+

BPH combination therapy {Ans: Alpha-blocker offer immediate relief; 5 alpha-RIs reduce prostate enlargement over time ◦In patients with an enlarged prostate gland and an elevated PSA ≥1.4 ng/mL, combination drug therapy with an α1-adrenergic antagonist and a 5α-reductase inhibitor is more beneficial than single drug therapy. ◦Rationale a-blocker offer immediate relief 5a-RIs reduce prostate enlargement ◦Works better for those with obstructive symptoms ◦May consider stopping a-blocker after 6-12 months, but should continue in those patients with severe symptoms as long as they are responding}Oral Estrogens {Ans: FDA approved for moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms, vulvovaginal atrophy and prevention of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Note, oral estrogens should NOT be used for osteoporosis prevention in the absence of vasomotor symptoms of menopause or for patients with local symptoms ONLY The HOPE trial demonstrated low dose provided equivalent efficacy relief as standard doses}Cardioprotective dose ASA (IE baby aspirin or clopidrogel as alternative)For SECONDARY PREVENTION of CV Events- Use in ALL diabetics with CV diseaseFor PRIMARY PREVENTION of CV EventsUSE in: high CV risk patients (10-yr CV risk > 10%) - Typically: male > 50 yo or female >60 yo with 1 additional major risk factor (FH of CVD, HTN, smoker, dyslipidemia or