Portage Learning Pathophysiology Nurs 231 Unit 1 Study Guide Rated A+

facilitated diffusion {Ans: What is the term that best describes the following process? A transport protein aiding a lipid insoluble or large molecule across the cell membrane that would otherwise not be able to pass through on its own.}true {Ans: True/False: Persistent metaplasia can lead to dysplasia.}Cells can be damaged by the following: (1) Injury from physical agents (mechanical forces [fractures], extremes of temperature [burns], and electrical forces); (2) Radiation injury (ionizing [cancer treatment], ultraviolet [sunburn], or nonionizing [thermal burns] radiation.); (3) Chemical injury (drugs [alcohol, Rx/OTC drugs, street drugs], carbon tetrachloride, lead toxicity, and mercury toxicity.); (4) Injury from biologic agents (viruses, parasites, and bacteria); and (5) Injury from nutritional imbalances (excess or a deficiency). {Ans: List the 5 categories in which cells can be damaged and give an example of each.}Primary prevention is to remove risk factors to prevent disease from occurring- taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects, vaccinating children to prevent communicable disease, eating healthy and exercising to prevent heart disease, and wearing seatbelts or helmets. Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat disease early, usually while the disease is asymptomatic and curable- annual Pap smears to detect early cervical