strengths of withdrawal design {Ans: simple and straightforward multiple replications external validity is strengthened when there are more participants allows for clear demonstration of functional relation end with the implementation of intervention can be extended to a multi treatment design}when data instability is more likely, choose {Ans: MB design}alternating treatment design/ multi element {Ans: magnitude of separation- greater the difference between two conditions, larger the demonstration of a functional relation consistency of separation- greater consistency of separation between two conditions, larger the demonstration of a functional relation number of data points used to establish separation- the more points documenting separation the larger the demonstration of functional relation}AB design {Ans: simple phase change design most basic SCRD measure dependent variable under baseline conditions and interventions}comparison of competing interventions {Ans: when faced with the same problem or issues, different investigators study different interventions. one may focus on intervention B and study it several times through systematic replications, and another may do the same with intervention C. the question is, which of those effective interventions will result in more efficient learning or more rapid deceleration of the challenging behaviors?}comparison of an innovation to an established intervention {Ans: