Aphy 102 Final- Ivy Tech Summer 2021 Study Guide Graded A+

What happens to the respiratory system with emphysema? Asthma? {Ans: o Asthma: the inside walls of the airways in your lungs can become inflamed and swollen. In addition, membranes in your airway linings may secrete excess mucus. The result is an asthma attack. During an asthma attack, your narrowed airways make it harder to breathe, and you may cough and wheeze o Emphysema: the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) are damaged. Over time, the inner walls of the air sacs weaken and rupture — creating larger air spaces instead of many small ones. This reduces the surface area of the lungs and, in turn, the amount of oxygen that reaches your bloodstream}What is an allele? Gene? Chromosome? {Ans: o Allele: An allele is one of a pair of genes that appear at a particular location on a particular chromosome and control the same characteristic o Gene: basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that encodes the synthesis of a gene product, either RNA or protein. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA o Chromosome: a thread-like structure made up of DNA. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of