Agacnp Barkley Review: Combined Study Guide 2023

Peritonitis due to ruptured viscus most likely pathogen and treatment? {Ans: Coliforms, bacteroides fragilis metronidazole plus cephalosporin (3rd generation) or pip-tazo}Brain Death Criteria {Ans: - Normal body temp - No cranial nerve involvement - Apnea - Negative cold caloric test}Miosis {Ans: Constriction of the pupil Associated with drugs that sedate patients}SIADH {Ans: Idiopathic water retention d/t inappropriate ADH release S/S: Neuro, Decreased DTRs, hypothermia, N/V Labs: Na low, euvolemia, low serum osmolality, increased urine osmolality, urine sodium >20. Renal, cardiac, and thyroid functions are normal. Tx: If Na > 120- fluid restriction to 1L/day If Na < 110 or neuro s/s present replace with NS or 3% NaCl and lasix}Pericarditis {Ans: Inflammation of pericardium. Viruses are the most common cause along with myocardial infarctions. S/S: Pain increased with deep inspiration, pain relieved by sitting forward, ST elevation in all leads, PR segment depression Testing: CBC, BMP, blood cx echo to r/o tamponade Tx: NSAIDS, steroids if NSAIDS fail}Antidepressent Toxicity {Ans: S/S: Low BP, confusion, hallucinations, blurred vision, urinary retention, elevated HR, hyperthermia, seizures Tx: Gastric lavage/charcoal/sorbatol Benzos for seizures Dantrolene for serotonin syndrome Klonopin for rigor Cooling blankets}