Required practical 8.1 (Waves) Materials {Ans: • ripple tank and accessories • suitable low-voltage supply • metre rule.}Unit for pressure {Ans: Pressure is a measure of force per unit of area, the si unit is Pascals (Pa) which is one N/m^2}Required practical 9 (Light) Materials {Ans: • ray box and suitable power supply • collimating slit and lens • rectangular transparent blocks - preferably of different materials eg glass, perspex, plastic • 30 cm ruler • protractor • sheets of plain A3 paper}Required Practical 10 (Radiation and Absorption) Background {Ans: Measuring the Absorption,Emission and Reflection of IR radiation of different materials}Generator effect {Ans: If an electrical conductor moves relative to a magnetic field (cuts the magnetic field lines) a potential difference is induced across the ends of the conductor. If this conductor is part of a circuit, a current is induced. This induced current forms its own magnetic field that will resist the change that induced it}Microphones {Ans: 1.Pressure variations in air, cause the diaphragm to vibrate with the same frequency as the sound. 2.The diaphragm's vibrations vibrate the coil causing it to move relative to the permanent magnet. 3.This causes a potential difference