Hfhs Critical Care Exam (A+ Graded Solutions)

BiLevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) Description {Ans: 2 preset pressures: Insp and exp. Must be able to breathe spontaneously and maintain airway. Requires face or nasal mask}Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) Advantages {Ans: Improves PaO2 and SaO2 while allowing FiO2 to be decreased. Keeps airways and alveoli open during end-expiration, esp in pts with surfactant deficiency. Decreases work of breathing and helps preserve functional residual capacity}Cardiac Index normal values {Ans: 2.5-4 L/min/m2 (formula is Cardiac output divided by Body Surface Area aka need ht and wt)}Vfib treatment {Ans: Defibrillation also can load them up with Amiodarone}Hyperkalemia S&S {Ans: tall peaked T waves, wide QRS, depressed ST, flattened P, prolonged QT, escape beats, VT/VF, heart block, idioventricular rhythm, bradycardia. When K > 8.5 diastolic cardiac arrest, N/V, diarrhea, ileus, intestinal colic, hyperactive reflex, weak, ascending paralysis, resp fail}Pulmonary Arterial Pressure (PAP) normal values {Ans: Pulmonary Artery Systolic (PAS) 15-30 mmHg Pulmonary Artery Diastolic (PAD) 5-15 mmHg Pulmonary Artery Mean (PAM) 9-18 mmHg}