Atcn Review Study Guide Graded A+

triad of death {Ans: -Acidosis - Hypothermia - Coagulopathy (blood can't clot resulting in continued bleeding)}define shock {Ans: an abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate organ perfusion and tissue oxygenation. Reduced tissue perfusion causes cellular hypoxia-> cellular conversion from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism ->leads to accumulation of lactic acid -> metabolic acidosis}Signs and sx of cardiac tamponade {Ans: 1. Becks Triad= increased venous pressure(distended neck veins), decreased arterial pressure(hypotension), muffled heart tones 2. PEA 3. JVD &/or Kussmauls sign 4. Use FAST to dx}Urine output and hypovolemic shock {Ans: Urine output measures organ perfusion and adequate resuscitation Adults- 0.5 ml/kg/hr Peds- 1 ml/kg/hr baby- 2 ml/kg/hr}Rule of 9's - Pediatric {Ans: Anterior/Posterior Head - 9% Each Anterior/Posterior Torson - 18% Each Anterior/Posterior Arms - 4.5% Each Anterior/Posterior Legs - 7% Each}tension pneumothorax can often be confused with cardiac tamponade, how do you differentiate? {Ans: Careful assessment of the pt's breath sounds is paramount to differentiate the two}