Campbell Microbiology (Chapter 52, 55, 53, 54, 7, 11, 48) Summary

BIO NOTES UNIT 1: Ecology (Key terms)-Chap. 52 Ecology (from the Greek oikos, home, and logos, study). The scientific study of the interactions between organisms and the environment. 1. Organismal ecology. Includes the subdisciplines of physiological, evolutionary, and behavioral ecology, is concerned with how an organisms structure, physiology, and behavior meet the challenges posed by its environment. 2. Population. A group of individuals of the same species living in an area. Population ecology analyzes factors that affect population size and how and why it changes through time. 3. Community. A group of populations of different species in an area. Community ecology examines how interactions between species, such as predation and competition, affect community structure and organization. 4. Ecosystem. The community of organisms in an area and the physical factors with which those organisms interact. Ecosystem ecology emphasizes energy flow and chemical cycling between organisms and the environment. 5. A landscape (or seascape) is a mosaic of connected ecosystems. Research in landscape ecology focuses on the factors controlling exchanges of energy, materials, and organisms across multiple ecosystems. 6. The biosphere is the global ecosystemthe sum of all the planets ecosystems and landscapes. Global ecology examines how the regional exchange of energy