What are different categories of teratogens? {Ans: viruses and diseases, drugs, environmental factors}What is a breech baby? {Ans: feet first, can cause umbilical entachment}What are different models of way people can help the mother? {Ans: apprentice model, relief model and task manager}What are different contexts of development? {Ans: race, religion, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status, time in history, politics/public policy, technology}What are different environmental factors? {Ans: Stress, Non-ionizing radiation, chemicals and pollutants, ionizing radiation}What processes promote secure attachment? {Ans: communication - accurate empathy and emotional attunement, form and quality of child-care arrangements}What medical drugs are typically taken during pregnancy? {Ans: analgesics/painkillers (avoid aspirin), antibiotics, antinauseants, laxatives, psychiatric medications, anti-histamines}What are different types of genetic disorders? {Ans: down syndrome, tay-sachs}What things are important to avoid? {Ans: caffeine}Concrete Operations {Ans: Middle childhood, ages 7-12, think logically about concrete stimuli}viruses and diseases {Ans: atmospheric transmission(rubella and chicken pox), sexual transmission (HIV, mono, syphilis, gonorrhea, etc.), parasitic transmission (toxoplasmosis-found in kitty litter or undercooked meat)}oxygen regulation {Ans: breathing, yawning}What is the bi-directional model of personality? {Ans: Personality is developed by environment but the child is not born passive, child is born with