Great Vowel Shift {Ans: Was a major change in the pronunciation of the English language that took place in England between 1350 and 1500.[1] This was first studied by Otto Jespersen (1860-1943), a Danish linguist and Anglicist, who coined the term. Because English spelling was becoming standardised in the 15th and 16th centuries, this is responsible for many of the peculiarities of English spelling}Components of Reading Instruction {Ans: Phonemic Awareness Phonics Vocabulary Development Reading Fluency, including oral reading skills Reading Comprehension Strategies}Percentile {Ans: The percentage is defined to include scores in a specified distribution that fall below the point at which a given score lies.}Phoneme {Ans: A single functioning or signaling unit of our word patterns. The separate sound units of spoken words.}Chall's Stage 1 {Ans: Initial Reading - Letters represent sounds, sound-spelling relationships}Progress Monitoring {Ans: A quick probe that is done frequently in order to make instructional changes in a timely fashion.}Auditory Learners {Ans: participate in classroom discussions make speeches/presentations use tape records during lectures read text out loud create musical jingles create mnemonics to aid memorization discuss ideas verbally}Prefix {Ans: An affix attached to the beginning of a word that