Means-ends chain {Ans: An integrated network of goals in which the accomplishment of goals at one level serves as the means for achieving the goals, or ends, at the next level}Strategic plans {Ans: Plans that apply to the entire organization and establish the organization's overall goals}Planning {Ans: Management function that involves setting goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate work activities}Internet of things {Ans: Allow everyday "things" to generate and store and share data across the internet}Digital tools {Ans: Technology, systems, or software that allow the user to collect, visualize, understand, or analyze data}Commitment concept {Ans: Plans should extend far enough to meet those commitment made when the plans were developed}Environmental scanning {Ans: Screening information to detect emerging trends}Traditional goal-setting {Ans: An approach to setting goals in which top managers set goals that then flow down through the organization and become subgoals for each organizational area}Real goals {Ans: Goals that an organization actually pursues, as defined by the actions of its members}Business intelligence {Ans: Data that managers can use to make more effective strategic decisions}Specific plans {Ans: Plans that are clearly defined