Abfm Board Review: General Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025

72 yo F comes with sudden, severe R leg pain from knees to toes. PMHx HTN, DB. Vitals 160/90, pulse 120 and irregular, afebrile. R leg is cool to touch, pale in color, you're unable to obtain a posterior tibial or dorsalis pedis pulse. At this point, you should A. Start heparin and immediately consult vasc sx B. Immediately obtain US of the lower extremity C. Immediately obtain an echo D. Immediately obtain an AA US {Ans: A. Start heparin and immediately consult vasc sx}What is a common finding on cardiac auscultation for someone with HTN? {Ans: S4 gallop -Results from forceful L atrial contraction and movement of blood into a hypertrophied L ventricle **Unlike S3, S4 doesn't indicate ventricular systolic failure}In a patient with diabetic foot ulcer, what is the best predictor of its ability to heal? A. Size B. Pulse C. Signs of infx D. Pt's blood sugar {Ans: Pulse!!! -Intact vascular supply (test with ABI if you want)}What is the most common nutritional deficiency after bariatric surgery? {Ans: Iron}What are causes of Hypokalemia? {Ans: 1. GI Losses (Diarrhea, vom, bowel prep) 2. Renal Losses (hypomag, RTAs, mineralocorticoid excess) 3. Transcellular shift (refeeding