Summative Quiz Question N Answer Chapter 16 Study Guide Graded A+

The best way to assess the accuracy of methods to reconstruct phylogenetic history is to {Ans: use experimental tests of organisms with known evolutionary histories.}All clades are subsets of larger clades. The most inclusive clade in the figure below are the _______; the least inclusive clade includes the _______. {Ans: vertebrates; chimpanzee}Which statement about traits is false? {Ans: Synapomorphies are shared ancestral traits.}Based on the figure below, which taxon/taxa are monophyletic? {Ans: Both blue and red}Which of the phylogenies shown below are equivalent? {Ans: A and B}The _______ of a phylogenetic tree represents the common ancestor, the _______ represent events where lineages diverged, and the _______ axis represents time. Assume that the tree is oriented as described in the textbook. {Ans: root; nodes; horizontal}In the classification system devised by Linnaeus, the names of _______ of plants end with the suffix _______, while those of animals end with _______. {Ans: families; -aceae; -idae}A taxon that contains organisms that do not share a common ancestor is referred to as {Ans: polyphyletic}A sea squirt is thought to be more closely related to vertebrates than once thought because {Ans: both vertebrate embryos and sea squirt