Selective Norepinephrine and Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs) {Ans: • Preferred first line pharmacological treatment for depression • SNRIs selectively block reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in the synaptic space, thereby intensifying the effects of both these NTs. • May take up to 2 weeks before signs of improvement, 4 weeks to achieve full therapeutic benefits .• Adverse effects are usually mild and go away after the first few weeks of treatment. Take with food to avoid nausea. • Adverse effects: Nausea, sweating, insomnia, tremors, sexual dysfunction}validation {Ans: Environment must support and affirm the needs of the individual -within and outside the group}esteem {Ans: respect, self-esteem, status, recognition, strength, freedom}severe and persistent mental illness {Ans: • Is characterized by functional impairment that interferes with vocational capacity • Creates serious interpersonal difficulties • May be associated with a suicide plan or attempt}Affect {Ans: the outward expression of the internal experience, what we see, observe (objective)}cycles of mood and affect {Ans: elevated range, normal range, low or depressive range}involvement {Ans: Environment must encourage involvement to develop sense of social community}• Risk for suicide {Ans: • Normalize & be direct: "Are you having thoughts of killing yourself?"