Nurs 535 Exam #1

What is a karyotype? {Ans: an ordered display of chromosomes}Biological Syndrome of Stress What are the 3 structural changes? {Ans: 1. Adrenal Gland Cortex enlargement 2. Atrophy of thymus gland and other lymphoid structures 3. Development of bleeding ulcers in stomach and duodenal lining}Describe the physiologic response and clinical manifestations of pain and its relation to the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system stress response. {Ans: If an individual is exposed to pain and they perceive this pain as stressful, the adrenal medulla secretes adrenaline (hormone). Adrenaline leads to the arousal of the sympathetic nervous system and reduced activity in the parasympathetic nervous system. Once the painful threat is over, the parasympathetic branch takes control and brings the body back to homeostasis. Potential changes in the body r/t adrenaline: ↑HR, Pulse, and BP; ↓ digestion; and ↑ sweating (diaphoresis)}Epigenetics {Ans: the study of the mechanisms that effect gene expression other than changes in DNA sequencing}Angelman Syndrome {Ans: Occurs when a deletion of approximately 4 million base pairs (that would normally be transcribed) on the long arm of chromosome 15 is inherited from the mother.}Why is it a challenge for devising therapies that are specifically targeted to viral replication or