Nurs 535 Final Exam Study Guide With Complete Solution

What are NT alterations in schizophrenia? {Ans: • Alteration of brain dopamine pathways • Underactivation of glutamate receptors (acts on the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate [NMDA] receptor subtype) • GABA • Acetylcholine}What is chronic bronchitis? {Ans: Hypersecretion of mucus and chronic productive cough that lasts at least 3 months of the year and for at least 2 consecutive years}What causes the physical symptoms of panic disorders? {Ans: panicogens and lack of the NT GABA}What is cyanosis? {Ans: Bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes}What causes hypercapnia? {Ans: Occurs from decreased drive to breathe or an inadequate ability to respond to ventilatory stimulation}What are clinical manifestations of acute bronchitis? {Ans: Causes symptoms similar to pneumonia but does not demonstrate pulmonary consolidation and chest infiltrates. Nonproductive cough occurs in paroxysms and is aggravated by cold, dry, or dusty air.}What are obsessions? {Ans: Involve a preoccupation with contamination, doubting, religious or sexual themes, or the belief that a negative outcome will occur if a specific act is not performed}What causes primary pneumothorax? {Ans: Occurs unexpectedly in healthy individuals}What is autism spectrum disorder? {Ans: Characterized by impairments in two major domains: • Deficits in social communication and