Lehninger Principles Of Biochemistry 7th Edition Nelson Test Bank Study Guide Rated A+

Proteome {Ans: The catalog of all proteins functioning in a cell.}Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) {Ans: The molecule that carries hereditary information in cells.}Waxes {Ans: Esters of one long-chain fatty acid and one long-chain alcohol, used for energy storage, lubrication, structure, insulation, and waterproofing.}Partial hydrogenation {Ans: Converts liquid forms of vegetable oils to solid forms and increases their shelf lives.}Membrane lipids {Ans: Modified to determine blood type in humans and make up 70% to 80% of the total membrane lipids in a vascular plant.}Centrifugation {Ans: A useful method for fractionating cellular organelles.}Trans fats {Ans: Associated with increased inflammatory response in the body, raising of LDL cholesterol, and increased risk of heart disease.}Fatty acids {Ans: Longer chains have higher melting points, lower solubility in water, and those with more double bonds have higher melting points.}Living organisms {Ans: Able to produce particular chiral forms of different biomolecules while laboratory chemical synthesis usually produces a racemic mixture.}Prokaryotes {Ans: Organisms lacking a true nucleus, such as bacteria.}Noncovalent interaction {Ans: Interactions like hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, ionic interactions, and van der Waals interactions that maintain macromolecular structure.}Anabolic {Ans: Energy-requiring metabolic pathways that yield complex molecules