A fly alters the composition of phospholipids in its cell membranes as fast as or faster than the air temperature changes during the day. {Ans: True}Over many generations, the average length of necks in a giraffe population will increase indefinitely. {Ans: False}If predators cued in on the red coloration such that the yellow males could camouflage and the brightest males were fast enough to escape, we would see a selection curve like the one in the top right corner. {Ans: False}Root of the problem Plants use roots to search for water in patches of soil. A certain amount of energy must be spent to build a tap root that spreads from the base of the plant to the patch of soil. After that, additional energy can be used to make fine roots that explore the patch and extract water. Whatever energy the plant does not spend on roots, it can invest in reproductive structures such as flowers and fruits. The graph below shows the relationship between the energy invested in roots and the water extracted from each patch of soil. 31. The optimal strategy maximizes the water gained per unit of energy invested in roots. {Ans: