Human Physiology Final Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2024

Name 2 pairs of homologous reproductive organs {Ans: Penis is homologous to the clitoris Scrotum is homologous to labia majora}Ovarian cycle hormones {Ans: 1. hypothalamus produces GnRH 2. FSH and LH stimulate development of 5-6 tertiary follicles which produce estrogen 3. Estrogen causes negative feedback loop decreasing production of LH and FSH 4. Atresia of all but one tertiary follicle 5. Last one becomes dominant and produces more estrogen to bypass negative feedback loop 6. LH surge causes ovulation 7. Granulosa cells develop into corpus luteum 8. Corpus luteum produces progesterone}Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes {Ans: type 1: pancreas fails to produce insulin, become insulin dependent type 2: insulin resistance}Uterus {Ans: supports developing embryo and fetus during gestation.}Why does exercise reduce glucose concentrations? {Ans: muscle contraction enhances uptake of glucose by increased expression of glucose transporters such as GLUT4. GLUT4 allows for more glucose to be taken up by muscles and utilized for energy production}How are proteins retained in the blood plasma? {Ans: plasma proteins cannot enter the filtrate because they cannot pass through the basement membrane that is negatively-charged and repels the negatively-charged proteins.}spermatogensesis {Ans: production of sperm, 4 sperm result