When must a pilot fly at a cardinal altitude plus 500 feet on an IFR flight plan? A. When flying above 18,000 feet in VFR conditions. B. When flying in VFR conditions above clouds. C. When assigned a VFR-on-Top clearance. {Ans: Answer (C) When assigned a VFR-on-Top clearance. VFR-on-top clearances are flown at VFR altitudes, which are even or odd thousand-foot intervals plus 500 ft. This is in contrast to IFR altitudes that are at even or odd thousand-foot intervals. Cardinal altitude means 1,000-ft. intervals, e.g., 3,000, 4,000, etc.}Which instruments, in addition to the attitude indicator, are pitch instruments? A. Altimeter and VSI only. B. Altimeter and airspeed only. C. Altimeter, airspeed indicator, and vertical speed indicator. {Ans: Answer (C) Altimeter, airspeed indicator, and vertical speed indicator. The pitch control instruments are the attitude indicator, altimeter, vertical speed indicator, and airspeed indicator.}What effect would a light crosswind of approximately 7 knots have on vortex behavior? A. The light crosswind would rapidly dissipate vortex strength. B. The upwind vortex would tend to remain over the runway. C. The downwind vortex would tend to remain over the runway. {Ans: Answer (B) The upwind vortex would tend to remain over