Understanding Pathophysiology 7th Edition Test Bank Exam Questions (33 Terms) With Verified Definitions Updated 2024

Nondisjunction {Ans: Error in which homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate normally during meiosis or mitosis.}Complementary strand {Ans: Sequence that pairs adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine.}Anaphase {Ans: Phase of the cell cycle when centromeres split and sister chromatids are pulled apart.}Klinefelter syndrome {Ans: Condition with at least two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome in each cell.}Gene imprinting {Ans: Extent of variation in phenotype associated with a particular genotype.}Consanguinity {Ans: Mating of two related individuals, leading to an increase in recessive disorders.}Tetraploidy {Ans: Condition in which euploid cells have 92 chromosomes.}ATP {Ans: Energy source for muscle contraction.}Cystic fibrosis {Ans: Autosomal recessive disorder.}Fibronectin {Ans: Protein associated with cancerous cells, allowing metastasis.}Translation {Ans: Process where RNA directs the synthesis of a polypeptide.}Osmolality {Ans: Measure of the concentration of molecules per weight of water.}Eukaryotic cell {Ans: Cell with histones, supercoiled DNA, and a distinct nucleus.}Hydrostatic pressure {Ans: Force of fluid against a cell membrane.}Organelles {Ans: Membrane-bounded cellular components in eukaryotic cells.}Respiration {Ans: Cellular function of absorbing oxygen and using it to transform nutrients to energy.}Oncotic pressure {Ans: Determined by the effect of