Bios 256- Exam 2- Chamberlain 2024 With 100% Correct Answers

Monomers of proteins, carbs and lipids, and nucleic acids {Ans: } Carbohydrates: Monomers are monosaccharides/sugar (glucose, galactose, fructose) Proteins: Monomers are amino acids Lipids: Monomers are fatty acids and glycerol Nucleic Acids: Monomers are nucleotidesWhat is metabolism? {Ans: } The sum of all chemical reactions in the bodyAnabolism {Ans: } -Endergonic reaction -Energy is consumed as the reaction takes place. -Build up! -Create bonds between small molecules to make large molecules (polymers) -Example: protein synthesisCatabolism {Ans: } -Exergonic reaction -Energy is released as reaction takes place -Break down -Break bonds in large molecules (polymers) to make small molecules -Example: digestion of starch to glucoseWhat are the types of macronutrients? (essay) {Ans: } -Water -Carbohydrates -Proteins -LipidsWhat is the importance of each macronutrient? (essay) {Ans: } -Water: Solvent, coolant, involved in metabolic reactions, waste dilution, supports blood volume/pressure. -Carbohydrates: Fuel, component in nucleic acids, ATP, glycoproteins, glycolipids. -Proteins: Support muscle contraction, cell structure, enzymes, transport, hormones, oxygen transport, blood factors, immunity, neuromodulators, buffers, emergency fuel. -Lipids: Fuel, structure of plasma membranes and myelin sheaths, involved in hormones, insulation, vitamin absorption, vitamin D synthesis, blood clotting.What is the source of each macronutrient? (essay) {Ans: } -Water: Present in drinks, fruits, vegetables, and