Test Bank For Hdev 6th Edition Human Lifespan Development By Rathus

CopyrightCengageLearning. PoweredbyCognero. Page1 1. AccordingtoFreudspsychosexualtheory,childrendevelopstrongsexualattachmentstothesamesexparentduringthephallicstage.a. Trueb. False 2. Punishmentssuchasspankingareconsideredlesseffectivethantypesofdisciplinethatprovidealternative,acceptablebehaviors.a. Trueb. False 3. Bandurassocialcognitivetheoryarguesthatchildrenlearnbyobservingmodels.a. Trueb. False 4. Strongargumentsorreferencetoauthorityfiguresarecommonlyusedasscientificevidence.a. Trueb. False 5. Inthecontextofexperiments,experimentaloutcomesreflectthechancefactorsandnottreatment.a. Trueb. False 6. Stagetheoriesconsiderdevelopmentasacontinuousprocess.a. Trueb. False 7. Fixedactionpatternsarelearnedbehaviors.a. Trueb. False 8. JohnLockebelievedthatchildrenshouldbetreatedaspropertyandservants.a. Trueb. False 9. Extinctionresultsfromrepeatedperformanceofoperantbehaviorwithoutpunishment.a. Trueb. False 10. JeanJacquesRousseaubelievedthatchildrenwereborninherentlygood.a. Trueb. False Name: Class: Date: CopyrightCengageLearning. PoweredbyCognero. Page2 11. Dependentvariablesaremanipulatedbyexperimenters.a. Trueb. False 12. Thenervoussystemsofmost,andperhapsall,animalsareprewiredtorespondtomostsituationsingeneralways.a. Trueb. False 13. Duringprenataldevelopment,neurotransmittersareresponsibleforthephysicaldevelopmentoffemaleandmalesexorgans.a. Trueb. False 14. Casestudyinvolvesdetailinganaccountofthebehaviorofmultiplesubjects.a. Trueb. False 15. JohnLockesaidthatchildrenbeginlifebearingancestralknowledge.a. Trueb. False 16. Theecologicalsystemstheoryofdevelopmentstatesthatonlygeneticfactorsareworthstudying.a. Trueb. False 17. DuringtheMiddleAges,childrenwerenurtureduntiltheywere7yearsold,whichwasconsideredtheageofreason.a. Trueb. False 18. Crosssequentialresearchcombinesthelongitudinalandcrosssectionalresearchmethods.a. Trueb. False 19. Piagetscognitivedevelopmentaltheorysuggeststhatchildrenactivelylearnaboutandtakechargeoftheirenvironments.a. Trueb. False 20. Thenature-nurturecontroversydebateswhetherdevelopmentiscontinuousoraseriesofstages.a. Trueb. False Name: Class: Date: CopyrightCengageLearning. PoweredbyCognero. Page3 21. AccordingtoFreud,whichaspectofourpersonalityispresentatbirth?a. Thesuperegob. Theidc. Theegod. Thearchetype 22. Thetypeofresearchstudyinwhichthesamepeopleareobservedrepeatedlyovertime,andchangesindevelopment,suchasgainsinheightorchangesinmentalabilities,arerecordedisknownas_______________.a. longitudinalresearchb. crosssectionalresearchc. adaptiveclinicalresearchd. correlationalresearch 23. Theprocessofrestoringcognitiveharmonywhensomethingthatdoesnotfitexistingschemesisknownas___________.a. afixedactionpattern.b. scaffolding.c. zoninginonproximaldevelopment.d. equilibration. 24. Atwoyearoldchildstartsscreamingandcryingeverytimetheirparentmakesthemdrinkaglassofmilk.Thechildcontinuestobehavethiswayuntiltheparenttakestheglassawayandtellsthechildtheydonotneedtodrinkit.AccordingtoFreud,whichpartofthechildspersonalityisresponsibleforthisbehavior?a. Theegob. Thesuperegoc. Theidd. Thesuperid 25. Whichofthefollowingcircumstanceswouldmakearesearcheruseotheranimalsinsteadofhumanparticipants?a. Whentheuseofhumanparticipantswouldbeconsideredunethicalb. Whentheuseofhumanparticipantswouldrequiredeceptiononthepartoftheresearcherc. Whentheresearcherwouldbeforcedtokeepahumanparticipantsidentityconfidentiald. Whentheuseofotheranimalswouldbecheaperthanhumanparticipants Name: Class: Date: CopyrightCengageLearning. PoweredbyCognero. Page4 26. Issuessuchasthepreventionofchildabuse,substanceusedisorders,andunlawfulactsbyjuvenilesmaybenefitfrombroaderstrategiesduetothe_______.a. empiricalapproachb. cognitiveapproachc. ecologicalapproachd. equilibrationapproach 27. AnadvantageofEriksonspsychosocialtheoryisita. reinforcestheimportanceofunconsciousforcesinhumandevelopment.b. emphasizestheimportanceofhumanconsciousnessandchoice.c. explainstowhatextenthumanbehaviorisaproductofevolutionarychange.d. suggeststhatchildhoodexperiencescouldeasilybeovercomeaswedevelopinourlives. 28. Inthecontextofhumandevelopment,whichofthefollowingistrueofthemacrosystem?a. Itinvolvesinteractionsintheschoolandthelargercommunity.b. Itinvolvesinteractionsbasedontheculturalsettingsoftheindividual.c. Itinvolvesinteractionswithenvironmentalchangesthatoccuroverthelifecourse.d. Itinvolvesinteractionsbasedoncaregivingwithparentsandothers. 29. Crossculturalstudiesexaminechildrensinteractionswiththeir__________.a. mesosystemb. exosystemc. macrosystemd. microsystem 30. Vygotskyssocioculturaltheorysuggeststhat:a. a childsinteractionswithadultsorganizethechildslearningexperiences.b. childrenlearnonlythroughacomplexinteractionofrewardsandpunishments.c. childrenarelikeminiatureadultsandneedtoberigidlyinstructedtoobtaincognitiveskills.d. achildsdevelopmentisunaffectedbyethnicityandgender. 31. Themostaccuratestatementabouttheuseofreinforcementisita. increasesthefrequencyofabehavior.b. createsfeelingsofangerandresentment.c. isconsideredanegativepunishment.d. isconsideredanineffectivemethodofchildrearing. Name: Class: Date: CopyrightCengageLearning. PoweredbyCognero. Page5 32. Thepurposeofthefirststandardizedintelligencetestwastoa. measureIQscorestodeterminegeniuslevelabilitiesinchildren.b. identifychildrenwhowereatriskoffallingbehindinschool.c. createseparateclassroomsforchildrenthataregiftedandchildrenthatareintellectuallydisordered.d. comparepeopleofdifferentculturalbackgrounds. 33. Dr.Laucarriesoutastudywithahypothesisthatcaffeineenhancesperformanceinsports.Heletstheexperimentalgroupconsume100mgofcaffeineanddoesnotgiveanycaffeinetothecontrolgroup.Hethenmakestheparticipantssprintfortwominutes.Inthisexperiment,whichofthefollowingistheindependentvariable?a. Thetimebetweenwhenthecaffeinewasconsumedandthestartofthesprintb. Theconsumptionofcaffeinec. Theperformanceonthesprintd. Thedurationofthesprint 34. Inthecontextofthenaturenurturecontroversy,naturereferstotheinfluenceof_____.a. heredityb. nutritionc. cultured. environment 35. Haroldoftenargueswithhisfatherandrefusestolethimoranyoneelsegetclosetohismother.AccordingtoFreud,Haroldismostlikelystuckinthestageofdevelopmentknownasthe________.a. analstageb. oralstagec. phallicstaged. latencystage 36. Whichofthefollowingistrueofchildreninthe20thcentury?a.