Elsevier Hesi Med Surg; Disease Management 1 - Secondary Prevention- Acute Care

lOMoAR cP SD| 28 76 9 22 5 ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG; DISEASE MANAGEMENT 1 - SECONDARY PREVENTION- ACUTE CARE Endocrine System Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease, Goiter) [Description] Excessive activity of thyroid gland Elevated T3 & T4 Increased rate of body metabolism Autoimmune process Etiologies: o Primary disease state o Use of replacement hormone therapy o Excessive TSH production Diagnostic: o Low TSH o High T3/T4 o Thyroid scan - goiter Treatment: o Medication: Propylthiouracil (PTU) Methimazole (Tapazole) o Thyroid ablation by medication o Radioactive iodine therapy o Thyroidectomy o Adenectomy - portion of the anterior pituitary where TSH is made is taken out o NOTE: all treatments cause hypothyroid = lifelong hormone replacement [Assessment] Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) Acceleration of body processes: o Weight loss o Increased appetite o Diarrhea o Heat intolerance o Tachycardia, palpitations, high HP o Diaphoretic, wet, moist skin o Nervousness, insomnia Exophthalmos [Intervention] Observe for Thyroid Storm Teach: o After treatment, hormone replacement necessaryo Diet: high calorie, high protein, low caffeine, low fiber dieto Perform eye care for exophthalmos Artificial tears to maintain moisture Sunglasses when bright light Annual eye exams Thyroidectomy o Check frequently for bleeding, irregular breathing, neck swelling o Support neck when