Ati Capstone Elsevier Hesi Medical Surgical- Disease Management I | Secondary Prevention -Acute Care Exam Preparation

lOMoARcPSD|28769225 ATI CAPSTONE ELSEVIER HESI MEDICAL SURGICAL- DISEASE MANAGEMENT I | SECONDARY PREVENTION -ACUTE CARE EXAM PREPARATION Endocrine System Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease, Goiter) [Description] Excessive activity of thyroid gland Elevated T3 & T4 Increased rate of body metabolism Autoimmune process Etiologies: oPrimary disease state oUse of replacement hormone therapy oExcessive TSH production Diagnostic: oLow TSH oHigh T3/T4 oThyroid scan - goiter Treatment: oMedication: Propylthiouracil (PTU) Methimazole (Tapazole) oThyroid ablation by medication oRadioactive iodine therapy oThyroidectomy oAdenectomy - portion of the anterior pituitary where TSH is made is taken out oNOTE: all treatments cause hypothyroid = lifelong hormone replacement [Assessment] Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) Acceleration of body processes: oWeight loss oIncreased appetite oDiarrhea oHeat intolerance oTachycardia, palpitations, high HP oDiaphoretic, wet, moist skin oNervousness, insomniaExophthalmos [Intervention] Observe for Thyroid Storm Teach: oAfter treatment, hormone replacement necessary oDiet: high calorie, high protein, low caffeine, low fiber diet oPerform eye care for exophthalmos Artificial tears to maintain moisture Sunglasses when bright light Annual eye exams Thyroidectomy oCheck frequently for bleeding, irregular breathing, neck swelling oSupport neck when moving client oCheck for laryngeal edema (hoarsness) oMonitor Trousseau and Chvostek sign - removal of parathyroids [HESI Hint] Thyroid Storm oUncontrolled hyperthyroidism 2/2 Graves disease oLife