Nurs 251 Pharmacology Final Exam Module 10 -Portage Learning

Pharmacology Final ExamModule 10Opioid Tolerance: Develops for euphoria, respiratory depression, nausea . Does NOT develop for constipation or miosis . Opioid Physical Dependence: Substantial for opioids. Abstinence syndrome extremely unpleasant but rarely dangerous . Protracted withdrawal may persist for months and characterized by insomnia, irritability and fatigue . OUD Maintenance Therapy Opioid Overdose Reversal Drug Class Pure Opioid Agonist Partial Mu Agonist, Kappa Antagonist Pure Opioid Antagonist Pure Opioid AntagonistPrototype Methadone Buprenorphine Naltrexone NaloxoneMOA Replaces/substitutes the misused opioid Replaces/substitutes the misusedopioid Discourages opioid use by blocking euphoria/effects Reverses respiratory and CNS depression Therapeutic Uses OUD withdrawal/detox, OUD maintenance/suppressive therapy , pain management OUD withdrawal/detox, OUD maintenance/suppressive therapy , pain management AUD, OUD (after detox) Reversal agent for overdose, post-op effects, neonate resp.depressionAEs Standard opioid AEs; QT prolongation; respiratory depression ; hepatic injury HA; GI upset; anxiety; sleep disturbances; LE edema; sweating GI; HA, sedation, anxiety; injection-site rxns; liver toxicity Reversal of pain control, withdrawal if physically dependent on opioids Nursing Implications CII Controlled SubstanceBaseline ECG, routine thereafter for cardiac hx; report sx of liver injury; monitor VS and dose sufficiency to suppress withdrawalGreater risk of death if relapse afterdiscontinuation effectiveness with counseling CIII Controlled SubstanceAdminister tablets and film sublingually Greater