Diabetic Ketoacidosis And Asthma

PART ADiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and asthma are two prevalent conditions that cause an array of cellular and systemic complications (Dhamoon, 2021; Vasileidas et al., 2019). Arterial blood gas (ABG) results provide vital information on these conditions and reveal underlying metabolic disturbances (Zaininger, 2021). Part A of this essay will revise the vital role of glucose in energy production, then delve into Samantha's case study on DKA, exploring the cellular and systemic impacts of DKA as well as Sam’s signs and symptoms. Part B of this essay will explore the impacts of hypoxaemia and respiratory acidosis and discuss Bill’s compensatory mechanisms. Both parts of this essay will feature ABG analysis and demonstrate the information these tests reveal. Glucose derived from carbohydrate metabolism plays a vital role in cellular energy production by being the favoured fuel source to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (Marieb & Hoehn, 2018). ATP synthesis occurs via cellular respiration, a process catalysed by glucose and consisting of aerobic glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain (ETC). Through cellular respiration, one glucose molecule produces 36-38 ATP molecules that the body then uses to fuel cellular functions and sustain life (Jacob, 2020). UTIs are common precursors to DKA in