Advanced Pharmacology Nsg 533 Study Guide Questions And Correct Answers

Menopause nonpharmacological interventions: {Ans: Goals - Alleviate or reduce symptoms, Improve QOL, Minimize ADRs Non-pharmacological interventions - avoid vasomotor triggers (hot beverage, spicy food, EToh, etc), exercise, water based lubricants}BPH {Ans: BPH increases urethral resistance, resulting in compensatory changes in bladder function. Obstruction-induced changes in detrusor function, including smooth muscle hypertrophy, compounded by age-related changes in the functioning of the bladder, lead to urinary frequency, urgency, and nocturia, the most bothersome BPH-related complaints. Not all patients with LUTS have BPH and not all men with BPH have LUTS.}Constipation treatment {Ans: Non-pharmacological interventions first (diet (fiber), exercise, fluids)Probiotics - limited data Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2011;25:119-126 PharmacologicalBulk forming agents (eg. methylcellulose (Citrucel*))Administer 240 mL of water with each dose to prevent esophageal / GI obstruction and worsening symptomPhysical binding of other substances including medicationsSafe in pregnancyEmollients (softeners) (eg. docusate (Colace*)Facilitate mixing of aqueous and fatty materials in the intestinal tractUsed for prevention, NOT treatment. Commonly prescribed with medications that may cause constipation (chronic opiate use, iron supplementation)Safe in pregnancyLubricant laxative (mineral oil / castor oil)Coats stool to allow easy passage / Prevents colonic water absorptionSystemic absorption - can generate immune responseAspiration - may lead to lipoid pneumoniaDecreases