As Level Ocr Chemistry Study Guide Graded A+

Halogen + Alkane= {Ans: Haloalkane (photochemical reaction) Free-radical substitution reaction 1) Initiation- Free radicals are produced 2) Propagation- Free radicals are used up and created 3) Termination- Free radicals are mopped up}Enthalpy change, q (Joules)= {Ans: m×c×ΔT}Test for ammonium compounds {Ans: Warm the mixture and add sodium hydroxide If the damp red litmus paper turns blue, ammonia (alkali) is given off which means ammonium compounds are present.}Phenolphthalein {Ans: Pink in alkali, colourless in acids}Alkalis {Ans: Proton acceptors - produce OH- ions in water}Structural isomers {Ans: Chain isomers- The carbon skeleton can be arranged differently (straight or branched) Similar chemical properties but different physical properties Positional isomers- The functional group could be attached to a different carbon atom different physical and maybe chemical properties Functional group isomers- The same atoms can be arranged into different functional groups Very different physical and chemical properties}