Biology Exam 3: Review Questions

BIOLOGY EXAM 3: Review questions 1.Give the balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O (glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water). 2.What are oxidation and reduction reactions? Involves a transfer of electrons between two species Reduction is loss of oxygen atoms When reduction occurs, an element gains an electron and its oxidation number decreases 3.Describe the breakdown of glucose via cellular respiration. What is oxidized and what is reduced in this reaction? Breakdown of Glucose, Link reaction, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain Oxidation is what reduces a substance pyruvate formed in glycolysis is transported into the mitochondria, where it is oxidized by O2 to CO2. glucose+6O2->6CO2+6H20+30-32ATP. 4.What is the role of NAD+ and FAD+? NAD+ is an oxidizing agent -it accepts electrons from other molecules and becomes reduced This reaction forms NADH, which can then be used as a reducing agent to donate electrons. FAD+ is an electron carrier - is flavin adenine dinucleotide (donating electrons) is a redox cofactor-- a prosthetic group of a protein, involved in several important enzymatic reactions in metabolism 5.What are the four main pathways involved in cellular respiration and where do they occur? Are they aerobic or anaerobic